Amane Akuqinisekisi Okwesikwezi LesiTruck Crane Nalokubanzi Kwazo.

Ukugcina NgesiTruck Cranes

Yini Okuyigqibela Isikhowe SaseTrak?

Ukucwina isikrane setrakhi yindlela esebenzisa ngokusemthethweni futhi ayiyona into ebonakalayo. Le ndlela ingahlukahluka, izinkawuli ezihlotshanisiweyo kanye nezobuchwepheshe. I-Truck crane (crane truck, kanye nabizwa ngokuthi crane trcuk, truck mounted crane, truck with crane, truck mounted crane, truck crane, boom truck crane, mobile crane, hydraulic crane, overhead crane njll) isetshenziswa ukuthola amadivayisi wezokudla nokusebenza okuphepha kwamathini. Izinkawuli ezilandelwa kakhulu zokuba nendawo ethile kakhulu kanye nobherekisa isikhathi endaweni lefutshane, kusukela ekuseni komhlaba kuya ekujengeni ikhaya. Zibonakala kakhulu ngokushunqwa kwabo kanye nokuthi kungenzeka ukubulawa amanani amaningi noma engenabuso lokusebenza.

Izinkrane Zokuthutha Ngokuhlanganisa Nezinye Iindlela Zokukhishwa Kunezimali ezinhlanu kakhulu izinkrane zokuthutha ngokulingana nezinye izinkrane, kunye enye yazo yiyo ukuba yimele kakhulu emlonyeni wonke. Apha, umzekelo, izinkrane zemvungu kufuneka zilandelwe futhi zihlotyelwe esimweni esisodwa, izinkrane zokuthutha zingasebenza phakathi kwamaphoyinti wokusebenza, ukunciphisa isikhathi esizange sihlathekwa. Ngokwengeza le ndawo efanayo ku nhuvo elandelayo yokuthenga imisebenzi efanelekileyo yokuthutha, izinkrane zokuthutha zinikeza amathiphu amaningi kulokhu okuphambene, kancinci kahoraya ukuxhumana nokusebenza kakhulu komkhumbi fanye nezokulayisha. Ngaleso sikhathi, bengenxa yeziphumakanti zokugcina ukuthwala ukwamiswa kwezibonelo zakudvola njalo.

Amasiko Amahhulu Ngenxa Yokuqhubeka

Kubalulekile ukwazi uhlobo lwezinqawatha zokuthutha, ukuze uboneke ngokugcwele indlela zazo esebenzayo. I-Boom yamathambo, ubunjineli nezinkawu kuzo okuphambene nendima, kunakona imithwalo lezindlela zokuqinisa izidingo zomsebenzi wamathambo aphethwayo. Isandla esenza ukuthuthwa, i-boom, sikhathi zonke siyahluka-hluka. Yenziwe ngematerial ebuhloko olulungileyo ukuze ikhulise neyadonsela, ikhutshelwe ngokushesha, kuyavela ukusebenzisa, ukuze kufanekise inxenye yokushaya nokudeka. Umthwali ongaphandle unikeza ukuxhumana nokuthula futhi kusisiza ngaleyo ndlela amakhawulezi asihlungelelanisa isikophelelo noma ukuba iyadinga ukuthuthwa okukhulu.

Izicathamiro ezihlukene zokuthutha kombila zokwenza ukuba yindlela efanele yokusebenza, esekwe ngemithi kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana. Lezi zinhlelo zinikeza ukuguqula okuhlukile kanye nokubophezela okuphezulu okuvumela ukusebenza ngokufanele kanye nokuhlanjwa okufanele. Kungasebenzi phakathi komsebenzisi ngekuhlelela izinkomba, sikhombisa ukuthutha kwamagigaba amakhulu. Izindawo zokuthutha ngalesi sikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi yisiphelo samaqembu amaningi wokuthiwa kanye nezibonelo eziphumelelayo ezibalwe ngazo njengokuthutha okuhle kanye nezinkomba zamanani.

Amathuluzi Okwesiphumo Se-Truck Cranes

Truck-Mounted Cranes

INKRANE YETRUKI Inkrane evelwe kwi-Truki yinkrane ehambiswayo yindlela yomsebenzi owahlukileyo esetshenziswa kakhulu ekujekeni, nezinye izindustri lapho kudingeka ukulwa nokushintsha okuningi ne-ocu. Iyinkrane evelwe kwi-truki enobunye bokuthutha fanye nobungo obungcono, inamathuba okulwa ngayo 20, 30, 40m namandla akhethekileyo we-8, 9, 12 imitha. Le nkrane ziyindleke kakhulu ekujekeni, kwezisevisi zokusebenza phakathi nezokuthutha, ezidinga ukusetha nokulinda ngokushesha. Ngasemnye nazo enye kufanele zenze isikhangiso esikhulu, le nkrane evelwe kwi-truki zinobuchule obuphezulu - zingasetshenziselwa emaphakelweni amaningi ngaphandle kokuvumelanisa ngokugcwele. Izinkrane zetrukhu sikhona esetshenziswa kizinye izindaba ezidinga ukuthutha ngokushesha nokusebenza ngokushesha, isibonelo esihle sokusetshenziswa kwale ndleko kuzinye izisevisi zokwanelwa nezokulungisa izilungu.

Izinduna Ezityatyatya Ezimdluli

Izinkrane zokuhamba kuzo yonke indawo aziyimpendulo enkulu yesifami samakhreyni athintekayo, afaqile konke okudingeka ukuhamba kuzo nezindawo ezikhona ngokukhona. Zidizaywa ukuthi ayishe amathembo asiyi nezinye izinsizwa eziphansi, lezi inkreyni zinezinhlobo eziphambene nezinhlelo zokuphelisa amathembo okuhamba nazo futhi kudalwe ukuthi usebenze ngaphandle kwamadoti noma kuphi na ezenhlizini. Ukutholakala kwezinye izimo kuyinto ebalulekileyo kwezinkrane zizonke; kungaba yabo "noma ngapansi kwalanu amanye amakhasi awadinga ukuthi uyipho inkreyni yothungi" njengoba kusho uJohn Klebaum, umphathi wezinhlobo kuTadano America. Lezi zinkrane ezinamanyano mengqi zihlotshaniswa kakhulu kumagamedu njengeyoli nezigcanti, imali lezimali nezokwenza izindlela ezinobunjineli obuncane ofanele abe nobuntfaka bomnotho. Zinkrane zizonke zinobunjineli obuninile ukuthitha izinto ngokushesha kwezindlela ezikhona ngokukhona futhi zinikeza amandla okuthenga aphakeme.

Amalungisiweyo Okuvela

Iziphrojekthi Zokugcina Ngezindlela

Amacrine okuthiwayo kusetshenziselwa kumqamatha weconywa futhi kwenye indawo ngokuba yinhloso nezimali zayo ukuthi zindlela izinto ezinkulu nezingxenye. Lezi zamacrine zenza ukuthi kube lula ukukhulisa inqubomgwebo yokuvakela amasithilelwe nezindlela eziphambene nezinhlangothi. Izindaba zasekuholeni ziluphi ukuthi isebenta samacrine asethaya ingxenye engu-30% engcono lokusebenza, ukuncipha isikhathi esetshenziswa. Amaphrojekthi wokubangela amathuba owodwa owonakeleke kuzo uyavuma ukubaleka kwemigwa, ukuvakelwa kwezinkundla ezide kanye nokuhlinzeka kwezindawo zokuhlaba. Kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo lwamacrine ohlangabezana nezidingo eziyisayo." Ngokwabakhankatha le ndaweni. Isibonelo, ungena nesicathami esikhulu nezimali ezisetshenziswa kudolobha, noma sicathami esineNtale yaBucayi ongayindlela futhi eneNtale ngisho nakwezindawo eziningi. Ukujwayele kwezilinganiso lezi nguKhilomethe kokuvela kwezeprojekthi ezenzekile ngendlela elungile, ngosuku oluyiyo kanye nobude bokhona.

Ukusebenziswa Kwamakhava nokulogitha

Izinkrane zezimali kuyindlela ngokwengeza eziphatheni, lapho zisetshenziswa ekubekeni kanye nokuholwa kwezikhombisa ukulayishwa ukuze kube yimali. Lezi zinkrane zake zilawula imisebenzi, ngakho kunezintuthuko ezinhle kakhulu futhi kuncike inqubo yokusebenza ngemigqa. Ngokwesicelo sezinga lempilo, iziphati ezisebenzisa izinkrane zezimali singasebenza kahle ngama-20% ngenxa yokushayela okukhanyayo kwebaleka nezinga eliphansi lekugcina emkhathini. Izimpendulo eziyisika ziyilokhu eziphatheni ezikhankanywayo (Singapore, Rotterdam), lapho ngokuhlala kwalezi zinkrane ezifakiwe kakhulu kunesizwe esikhanyayo sokusebenza. Lezi ziphindo zibonisa ngokusobala indima enkulu yesinkrane sezimali kumalini nezindunankulu zokuphatha izinto eziningi ngendlela efanelekile.

Amanani Akuhlanganisiweyo Kwisethenteni

Izicwangciso Zokuhlola

Ukufakwa kwenza yindlela esenza ngayo ukuthola ubungo lwezinyathelo eziphambene nezinye izindaba futhi ukuze kube nemininingwane yokusebenza ngendlela elula. Ubungo lwesinyathelo lezinyathelo kuyinto embalwa engafakiwa ngokuphelelwe, futhi uma sibonile ubungo lwesinyathelo singake sikhombise ukuthi sinyathelo asilindeleke, okuyisohlombe esikhulu semathini emibandeleni. Izithali zokulayisha ziyindlela ezifundisa khona ukuthi sinyathelo ingasiza kanjani ekubandakanyeni kwakhe. Zicacisa abasebenzisa ngokuthi iyiphi indlela yesinyathelo nezinga zokulayisha okufanele usebenzise fokuthi isebenze ngendlela elula. Kuvumelwe ukusebenzela ngezinhlobo zezinyathelo noma abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlale ukulinganisa ngokucophelela ubungo olunye lokulayisha. Lokhu kudonga futhi ukuthi kuchazwe ngokushesha sinyathelo esifanele okungeza ubunconyo nokuhlonipha emibandeleni.

Isiqephu nesethulo

Ubunzima bokuhamba kwezindawo nezimo zasemaphandleni zikhetha ukuthi yeyiphi i-truck crane eshneywe, futhi izimo ezahlukene kudinga amathuluzo ehambelana nazo ukuze kube nemiphumela emininingwane. Uma kubhekwa kakhulu kwezindawo, ubunye nezewo lezindlela ziyisisekelo: isibonelo, izinkawo eziphezulu kakhulu (rough terrain cranes) zinhle kakhulu kumaqo angahlangeni, ngelokho i-truck-mounted cranes zenza iphephilema kumaqo apholile wezindawo zompolwana. Kufanele abekeke kakhulu izimo zasemaphandleni, ukujabulela ubunye bwezimali, izinto ezingasebenzi kakhulu, izindlela zokuxhumana nezimo zamanje ukuze kugcine ukuthi yeyiphi indlela iyafanele kwayo. Isibonelo, ezindaweni phezulu kakhulu kudinga izinkawo ezingenayo imithombo yokubusa ngakumbi, ngelokho ezindaweni ezingaphansi kakhulu kudinga inkawo enezigaba ezincane, ngaphansi ngokusheshayo. Uma ungayazi lezi zinkinga, inkawo ingasebenze ngendlela efanele kwayo futhi kulokhu kungenza ukuba kube phephile nezimpilo zazo zonke izinqubo.

Isikhombisi Sokuqala

Ngizixhasa ngale ndlela abangaphambili babeyiphi imigomo yesikweletu?

Iziciko zomqalekiso zihlola kakhulu kunye nezincinci, eyisho ukuba zingabuyiselwa phakathi kwezindaweni ezinomsindo ngokuhle. Ayahlukene ukuthi zidinge amandla okuthintekayo, esebenza ukuthi bayayiphihliswe kumthetho wesikoleni sokugcina ngephakathi nokulayezeka.

Yonke iindlela ezidlule zikhuphela umsebenzi wemqalekiso we-crane?

Amasistimu ase-hydraulic ayisebenzisa ukubuya ngempumelelo kunye nokuhlola kahle lokuncedisiyo lwesiqonyo sesiciko. Bayisebenzisa ukudibanisa ngempumelelo ngendlela yokugcina, babuyekeza usopho, kunye nokwenzela ukuthi siciko siphumelele ukusebenzisa imibuzwana engamusha.

Amanani amaphi akhona ekufunekayo lapho uzokusondwa ngesiciko somqalekiso?

Amanani apho akhona kuhlukelela ukusondwa kokuhlukaniswa kunye nokuhlukaniswa komhlaba nokusetyenziswa kwesikhatsi. Amachart zakusondwa zabizwa ngokuthi bayingene ukubuyiselwa izinkile zociko, kunye nokuhlukaniswa kwezindawo zokusetyenziswa zisetshenziswa ukuthi iciko lengasebenzi yicinga lokungakho.

Izicholo esihlanganisiwe kwi-truck zingaphi ngaphandle kokuthi izicholo ezihlanganisayo kuzo?

Izicholo esihlanganisiwe kwi-truck zikhethwe ukuze kuhloniphe iindlela ezintsha nokuhlola ngasinye, uzokufakwa kakhulu nokuphatha. Izicholo ezihlanganisayo kuzo, ngakwesipini, zikhethwe ukuze zisebenzele kwisezulwini esidingene, uzokusetyenziswa izinhlobo zokungena lokusebenza ukusukela isiphumo esidingene.

Ngaphi izicholo ezihlanganiswe kwi-truck zikhona kumncedisi wemibhalo?

Kumncedisi, izicholo esihlanganiswe kwi-truck zifundzisa ukugcina nokubhala amaconteyineri yase-shipping ngomoya omphumeleyo, uzokuthuthuka ukusebenzisa imilayezithi. Zifundzisa ukubonisa uphelo lwendawo ngokubhekisisa izinamathanga zokusebenza nokwenza amahhori angaphambili kushipping.